' Photographers have close to the action. Sometimes also in the vicinity of "-the guardian"

Rebel fighters carry a wounded comrades in Misurata, Libya on the 20 April 2011. photo: Chris Hondros / Getty Images Europe

In a world controlled closely, war is the last frontier of the raw reality PR-led media. To the photo-journalist, this is the ultimate attraction, even if it means with a view to the nature of the risks involved, usually only soldiers are exposed. This game grim claimed two more victims of this week, Tim Hetherington, and Chris Hondros when they were hit by fire from Government forces in Misurata, Libya.

The escalating civil war is drawing experienced and less experienced photographers from around the world. In a sense, it is the ideal war for photographers - colorful, anarchic standing professional army rebels. Compared to Afghanistan, the access to this conflict is simple. To cover the Afghanistan conflict in a meaningful way to photographers with the Western armies, be embedded i.e. apply to and work with ministries of defence and their press minders. In Libya you have the $ and the courage to just follow the road in Benghazi and from there on the front always move. The inexperienced learn quickly in these situations, but they also know that, like bomb disposal soldier, will close to the action. Sometimes also in the vicinity. That most worshipped all war photographers Robert Capa, it so: "If the images are not good enough, you not close are enough."

But war is becoming increasingly difficult to meet. Bombers and IEDs are battles fought at longer distances, with long-range missiles, drone of fighters who placed melting into the landscape. Photographers will document the soldiers reduced to one side or another. Many pictures of the Libyan conflict so far were of very dressed rebels some poses with oversized guns, somewhat misleading Carnival aspect of the uprising have awarded. The news of the death of Hetherington and Hondros's hosted this war on the blood, the quiet in the desert sand was shed.

Guardian picture Desk received a strong picture last week two rebel fighters posing with a gun. We had lemon colored one jumper and big hair in the wind, have been so much better suitable body armor and a helmet would be. This Glamorisation the fighter has always been a part of the documentation of the war. Roger Fenton, sometimes intended, to the first British war photographer, able to take portraits of the officers for their family home was in the Crimea in the 1850s. Soon, he realized that there was more he could do with his camera and took some pictures of the aftermath of the battles sharply. The glamour inevitably rubs on the war photographer and introduces to the stereotype hard - drinking self-obsessive in a Keffiyeh scarf. But the painful images, shot by their colleagues, the medics struggling Hetherington and Hondros save strips away the sheen and reminds us of the high prices some numbers.

Sometimes the adrenaline fix by the ultimate gamble, but the best and most successful pretty stable people will appear by the need for said that war photographers are. You acknowledge that the conflict that you want to cover is probably only current event, which could result in truly unforgettable hard news images. They also know that they need to shoot pictures that have received a request for urgent procedure from war-weary editors home, who are desperate to cheer up, back rather than their readers press published. In a BBC interview, Goran Tomasevic, a veteran of Reuters, said: "I have no problem back in my normal life;" Not at all. I just go a few steaks food and drink lots of beer. "I check out the football and I'm happy." Tomasevic's attitude is typical of the leading press photographers - he knows he's coming from risks, but taking also precautions such as all experts. CAPA again: "the war correspondent has his involvement - his life - in his own hands, and he can put it on this horse or the horse, or he can set you back in the bag at the last minute." The world (and not only its media) needs these people: we need to see and have included conflicts. The rest of us are happy that we can tap into their enthusiasm and bravery but it can be sometimes misplaced. At the end, subjects are not important, it is the unadorned truth, which is one of the image on the page or screen.

Hetherington and Hondros worked very differently. Hetherington left a successful Marines stills career after following up his Oscar nominated film documentary about the American in Afghanistan and more video was filming. Hondros was a daily stream of images of his agency, Getty Images submission. In fact the guardian received more of his photographs just hours before he was killed. War photographer will shoot more and more video - and without the back-up, which expect a TV team. But this leads to a new kind of journalism, the immediate and personal, move visual without the reporters between the viewer and the action is. It feeds from the strengths of the photographer, the need to get in close, the need to create a relationship with the fighters he apart from works. All the skills, the traditionally a war photographer. had all these skills, the Hetherington and Hondros.

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Justice needs a break sometimes

Judges are much nachsichtiger only for food break shortly before one. Is repeating decision making causes mental fatigue, leading people with is the easiest method any option to go. Schedule frequent breaks can help relieve some of the bias in important situations.

Judges are much more likely a prisoner on parole can be if she had just a food break as in have if they cases for hours, according to a new study whereas drawn.

Researchers know not, whether it's the food or the mental breather, which rested judge after one makes their more lenient. But the results suggest that judges are like the rest of us: after having a number of difficult decisions in consequential-on everything from which features in a new car to the information about a home renovation project-get our tendency is to choose what is always the easiest option.

The study also shows that facts and laws not the only problems that affect legal decisions. And chances are, the same phenomenon affects doctors to meet members of Congress, university admissions officers and others, the important, but repetitive decisions.

"This is a necessity of being human: you tired and replenish you need", said Jonathan Levav, expert on the psychology of judgment and decision making at the Columbia Business School in New York. "It is important to understand that legal decisions and human decision making one and the same are for the people."

"There is no reason to believe that distortions that will affect us in our daily decisions affect not decisions in experts," he added. "This people are to that." "They are not machines."

Levav had searched the mental fatigue in earlier works, which is based in people, as for cars or new suits shop. After testing it, said dozens of models of cars with a variety of engines, colors and other functions, he has found, that people simply don't want more decisions on. Finally, they tend to, with which radio by car is go. As will is worn-out clothes shopper, finally only grave regardless on the sale or now available.

He began to questions whether the same thing in more prominent situations could be happening. So, together for the new study, Levav with colleagues at the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel. The researchers compiled more than 1,100 court decisions of eight Israeli judge with an average of more than 22 years of experience made. Requirements for parole of prisoners involved in all cases.

Of court documents, the researchers could clearly see the time of the day, where each case happened are and the order in which decisions were made. Breaks knew exactly as food told judge the researchers. After the analysis of cases based on all kinds of factors, including the gravity of the offence and outcome of the case, they discovered a remarkably transparent.

At the beginning of the workday and right after both two daily food breaks judge decided about 65 percent of cases in respect of the prisoner, the researchers report today in the National Academy of Sciences. But at the end of each session, the probability of a favorable decision was close are at zero. In such cases, a prisoner in the prison's leave to make the simplest decision, because it just maintains the status quo.

"Once you see the action, it's almost like you statistical tests have to do", Levav said. "How judges check more and more cases, reduces the likelihood of the release of prisoners." But if they have a break to a meal, this probability will pop up to its original levels. "It's almost like the judges have mentally reset."

A determination that unexpected patterns in professional decision makers must be taken seriously, said David Schkade, decision research at the University of California, San Diego's Rady School of management.

Pilots and air traffic control already take controller often and breaks, because it is known that they are mentally drained after a series of repetitive tasks. The new work suggests that judges and other professional decision makers may well do, follow similar guidelines.

"This is a really surprising and important outcome," said Schkade. "Despite their professionalism tired judges still mentally."

As if the newfound bias makes most accurate judge if they are on their highest or at its mildest, which is Levav and colleagues are, to find out. You are mining for almost nine years data, look at the prisoners ended up back in prison after their release and correlated this information break with a food as their case was heard close.

"This is the multi billion dollar question,", Levav said. "What is the cost for this bias?"

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