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2011年4月10日星期日

Next on the agenda for Washington: fighting over debt

Congressional Republicans are the current $14.25 trillion swear to, before they will agree with me, a federal debt ceiling to increase - a move that is - are necessary President Obama and the Senate Democrats who agree to much deeper reductions of appropriations for the next year and also as in the six month budget deal agreed in less than five weeks late Friday night, the cutting turned away 38 billion dollars and a Government shutdown.

Republicans have also indicated that on abortion and more, are demanding back fundamental changes in the policy on health, the environment, the right ceiling as the price for their support for the increase in the debt.

In a letter Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner said the Government which would make border no later than May 16 Congressional leaders last week. Outline it "extraordinary measures" - essentially move - money under the financial statements, the time until the July 8 could buy.

When the limit is reached, would be the Treasury Department unable, as routinely to finance to borrow debt federal existing operations and roll over. Ultimately it would be unable to pay off maturing debt, the Government put the United States - the global standard-setter for credit rating - in default.

The effects in this case as much as political, rippling from the bond market in the lives of ordinary citizens through higher interest rates, economic and financial insecurity would be the way the economy until now, more than three years after the start of the last recession is overcome.

Given the short time frame for the action and the prospect of an intractable political struggle, leaders in politics and economy move leaders already is on a crisis averted, which most likely is "a recovery end event", as Ben S. Bernanke, the Chairman of the Federal Reserve, witnessed recently in the Senate. He described a sequence of events, the "" overlapping with the financial markets would provoke another credit crisis such as that in the year of 2008 and caused interest rates to jump.

Mr Geithner has private meetings were with senior legislators of both parties to emphasize the economic use. Peeled in the White House Mr. Obama of Economic Advisor, Gene Sperling, way of the expenditure of fight in the almost full time for the development of the strategy of the Government for the debt-limit enable debate last week. Central, management officials say whether Mr Obama bipartisan talks on a long-term debt reduction that tackles control, military spending and growing entitlement programs such as Medicare and Medicaid planning is initiated.

Executives of the largest financial institutions of the country in recent days ceiling met with Mr Geithner, House Speaker John A. Boehner, Republican of Ohio and other legislators, argument for the importance of the increase in the debt. Jamie Dimon, who told the Chief Executive of JPMorgan Chase, them that, to the global business the default protect his bank contingency plans developed.

"If someone wants to, that I think touch of a button, which to my opinion is disastrous and unpredictable, they are crazy," said United recently in which Mr. Dimon States Chamber of Commerce.

The United States is one of the few Nations which by law limited its debts, and votes in Congress to the ceiling, the least are popular, something that happens every few years, maybe that legislators face.

Financial and Government leaders alike have some political brinkmanship used in grown increase of the CAP, confident that ultimately in the rule with the Party of the White House provides the most votes do Congress, would. (So it came that Mr Obama, request to the debt increase administration as a Democratic Senator in 2006 against a Bush voted, it passed with mostly Republican votes.)

What is different this year, people in both parties say is the large number of Congressional Republicans, including many newcomers, were a majority House which are energetic against government spending, and use the activist tea party movement to the leverage effect of the debt limit votes of the party, encouraged their stand.

"We want real structural, cultural type changes to this debt ceiling tied." "We in a unique way of savings, or something small, not interested", said representative Mick Mulvaney, first-term Republican from South Carolina. "It has to all new types of changes to us, to vote in favour."

He rejected warnings about standard as "just vorgemacht", and said Democrats should take the responsibility to pass any measures to increase the debt limit.

"It's their debts," he said. "They do make." "This is my attitude."

In fact, the debt of both parties and past President as also Mr. Obama was created.

Of the almost $14.2 trillion in debt, is money that mainly has borrowed the Government from other accounts, revenue from social security according to federal figures about five trillion dollars. Several important directives from the last ten years as a Republican, that White House and Congress controlled - tax cuts, use a Medicare prescription drug and wars in the Iraq and Afghanistan - account for more than $3.2 trillion.

The recession cost more than $800 billion in lost revenue from businesses and individuals and automatic spending for safety net programs such as unemployment benefits. Mr Obama stimulus spending and tax cuts added over 600 billion dollars by the fiscal year that ended Sept. 30.

Although the recent stand-off, which consumed 2011 Washington on expenditure for the financial year without a Government shutdown, the chaotic process and hour have come settlement trepidation over the debt limit battle stoked. If so hard over some billion dollar compromise plan, goes the thinking as they ever collaborated on a multi-year, multi trillion dollar cut it Republicans and Democrats the debt can come within weeks or months?

"If I still Finance Minister, it would make the hell out of me", said James A. Baker III, who served almost trebled in the Office of President Ronald Reagan during a time when federal total debt of his two terms. "But it does not concern me as a good Republican, and one who wants to see finally some fiscal policy in this country."


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2011年3月31日星期四

Signs of Strain as Taliban Gird for More Fighting

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The killings, coming just as the insurgents are mobilizing for the new fighting season in Afghanistan, have unnerved many in the Taliban and have spread a climate of paranoia and distrust within the insurgent movement, the Afghans said.

Three powerful Taliban commanders were killed in February in the southwestern Pakistani city of Quetta, well known to be the command center of the Taliban leadership, according to an Afghan businessman and a mujahedeen commander from the region with links to the Taliban. A fourth commander, a former Taliban minister, was wounded in the border town of Chaman in March, in a widely reported shooting.

There have also been several arrests in Pakistan of senior Taliban commanders, including those from Zabul and Kabul Provinces, and the shadow governor of Herat, Afghan officials said. Mullah Agha Muhammad, a brother of Mullah Baradar, the former second in command of the Taliban who was arrested by Pakistan security forces over a year ago to stop him negotiating with the Afghan government, was also detained briefly to send out the same warning, said the chief of the Afghan border police in Kandahar, Col. Abdul Razziq.

While the arrests have been conducted by Pakistan security forces, no one seems to know for sure who is behind the killings. Members of the Taliban attribute them to American spies, running Pakistani and Afghan agents, in an extension of the American campaigns that have used night raids to track down and kill scores of midlevel Taliban commanders in Afghanistan and drone strikes to kill militants with links to Al Qaeda in Pakistan’s tribal areas.

Others, including Pakistani and Afghan Parliament members from the region, say that the Pakistani intelligence agencies have long used threats, arrests and killings to control the Taliban and that they could be doing so again to maintain their influence over the insurgents.

Afghan officials in Kabul denied any involvement in attacks on the Taliban inside Pakistan, as did American and NATO military officials. “We’ve heard of infighting that reportedly has led to internal violence at several points in recent months,” one senior American military official said of the Taliban, asking not to be named because of the sensitivity of discussing events in Pakistan. Military forces were not involved, he added.

Whatever the case, Taliban commanders and fighters, who used to be a common sight in parts of Quetta, have now gone underground and are not moving around openly as before. Two members of the Taliban, including a senior official, declined to talk about the issue of killings on the telephone, saying it was too dangerous. Many will not answer their phones at all.

The Taliban have been under stress since American forces doubled their presence in southern Afghanistan last year and greatly increased the number of special forces raids targeting Taliban commanders. Yet they still control a number of remote districts and in those areas the insurgents can still muster forces to storm government positions, as demonstrated by their capture of a district in Afghanistan’s eastern Nuristan Province this week.

While there is still some debate over the insurgents’ overall strength, Pakistanis with deep knowledge of the Afghan Taliban say that they have suffered heavy losses in the last year and that they are struggling in some areas to continue the fight.

“The Afghan Taliban have, I think, run into problems,” said Rustam Shah Mohmand, a former Pakistani interior minister who served as ambassador in Afghanistan after 2001 and as a peace negotiator with the Taliban.

“So many of them have been killed in the last one to one and a half years as a consequence of targeted assassinations,” he said in an interview. “That has depleted the strength, capacity and ability of the Taliban.” Commanders were without communications and resources and were struggling to find recruits to replace those killed, he said.

One Taliban commander from Kunar Province said losses had been so high that he was considering going over to the side of the Afghan government in order to get assistance for his beleaguered community. “This does not mean the Taliban will stop fighting, but maybe it will be at a reduced level,” Mr. Mohmand said.

Carlotta Gall reported from Kabul, and Islamabad, Pakistan. Employees of The New York Times contributed reporting from Kabul, and from southern Afghanistan.


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