We've all seen photos of the civil war: black and white images of the bearded Union generals or Confederate colonels on one side of the camera, press officer posing corpses on the battlefield or common soldiers to a camp tent stacked.
Looking back 150 years to beginning of civil war in this month, what impact photography of the war have? On the people who lived during the time? What tell us these images today about the soldiers and their families?
Slide show: Civil war photography
Historians say that the war in various ways changed photography. It allows families a memory representation of their fathers or sons have, as they were away from home. Photography improves the image of the political figures such as President Lincoln, who joked as we know, that he actually would have been re-elected without the portrait of him by photographer Matthew Brady.
Intense images were public battlefield horrors for the first time at exhibitions in New York and Washington, many later reproduced by stitches in newspapers and magazines of the time presented.
"Mr. Brady done has something at home to bring us the terrible reality and seriousness of the war." If he not brought bodies and put them in our gardens and along the streets, he very like it, has done something "wrote the New York Times 20 October 1862 on Brady's New York only have one month after the bloody battle of Antietam."
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Photography had for over 20 years before briefly before conflict broke the civil war, but new techniques and marketing led to his flower. Bob Zeller, President of the Center for civil war photography in Abilene, Texas, says the invention of the Tintype, which was a metal image, and the Ambrotype, printed on glass, allowed for the mass production of small photographs by families in wood, or glass cases held.
"It was their most visceral, on the next link to your love," Zeller said. "For friends or women at home the only was the Ambrotype was, you had."
These pictures were taken from small town photographer and travel camp photographer, which combined crowned 1861 erupted 5,000 at the time of war, said Zeller. More than a million of these pictures were produced during the war.
Officers had so good their photos and often, they passed the men as a morale booster. New ways to make photos reproduce gave birth to cards. The library of Congress has an exhibition of soldiers portraits produced the April 12 "The Last Full Measure," based on a private collection called.
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The second type of photo was the carte de visite. The carte de visite or CDV, was also primarily a portrait photo, unless it was with a lens, wet plate negatives, which meant that you could create unlimited number of copies. Prints were made on egg white paper, according to the Center. These portraits of generals, statesmen and other celebrities, actors were mass produced and issued such as trading cards.
Some of the civil war photographers, including Brady, were in the last years criticized, because it seems that they were dead bodies create more graphic images. But Zeller said it was not more frequently occurs. Given the fact that each author need a whole wagon in the value of equipment and chemicals, he told their own set of challenges, this post-battle photographers.
"Every time they had to they back up bottles of chemicals and plate, moved," Zeller said. "Every time, when they stopped, it had to be flat." Photographers fought also fly, which attracted were photo chemicals, ether, which made them woozy and the stench of death.
"How could they look at the scenes of bodies and be calm enough to set up their equipment and try reality show, there is an unsung heroism,", said Alan Trachtenberg, former Professor of American history at Yale University. "It takes courage to do."
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Trachtenberg said military leaders on both sides intelligence was also photographers on enemy positions, roads, bridges and railways to win.
Images of daily life are represented for the first time in the civil war, men playing cards, instruments or cleaning equipment. Black soldiers and slaves were presented for the first time after New York University Professor Deborah Willis.
"The placing on the market of images significant in identifying these black soldiers found their place in the war was", said Willis. "they were acting as soldiers and workers." "The fact is, that she also saw places, as if it looking for hope."
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